Context
In March 2020, an extensive stakeholder-led modelling process started in Peru to inform the country’s LT-LEDS elaboration. This process was initiated following a request from the Peruvian government to the Inter-American Development Bank and was led by the Climate Lead Group of the Universidad de Costa Rica (CLG) and Universidad del Pacífico over a one-year period, with financial and advisory support from the 2050 Pathways Platform. The underlying goal of this activity was to inform the development of carbon neutral pathways in Peru as part of the larger LT-LEDS development exercise in the country.
Process
The project kicked off with high-level meetings with the Ministry of Environment of Peru to present the Robust Decision-Making (RDM) methodology and discuss the overarching objectives around the design of pathways to net zero and the benefits these would bring to the country. The RDM methodology is a well-established, flexible, and customisable methodology that can help governments with the design of long-term policy. It combines meticulous research, stakeholder engagement, uncertainty assessment, and scenario analysis under an adaptable framework, adjustable to different country contexts.
These high-level discussions in Peru were followed by a series of three stakeholder consultation workshops focusing on sectors of the Peruvian economy including energy, transport, industrial processes, waste and Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use (AFOLU). The three workshops totaled participation from over 100 stakeholders including representatives from government ministries, subnational government, academia, private sector representatives, supply chain workers, and civil society.
The workshops were split into three key stages of the consultation process:
Workshop 1
The first workshop aimed to introduce the RDM methodology to stakeholders and understand the key concerns of stakeholders around the transition to carbon neutrality in the country, to capture implementable policies towards the goal, and to understand key uncertainties to be assessed. For instance, stakeholders shared uncertainties around the exact benefits that would be induced by measures such as the restoration of forests or the decarbonisation of transport; and how these benefits would outweigh the costs of implementing such measures.
Workshop 2
The second workshop aimed to address the concerns previously raised by stakeholders. This was achieved by providing evidence-based answers based on preliminary results from the technical analysis undertaken by CLG and Universidad del Pacifico. This second workshop also enabled the active participation of stakeholders by exchanging information on data sources with the technical team. Overall, this enabled stronger rapport and trust between the technical team, the government and the stakeholders.
Workshop 3
The third workshop aimed to present the final results complete with information that had previously been shared by stakeholders. The technical team used this last convening to collect feedback from stakeholders to further improve those results.
Following the third workshop and shortly before the publication of the final report, new emissions’ inventories were published. This unforeseen change in data was integrated by the technical team and resulted in a swift update of the analysis with the latest data. This process demonstrated the robustness of the RDM methodology and its adaptability to data changes. The full process ended with the release of the public report by the Peruvian government.
Impact
This stakeholder engagement process was a central piece of Peru’s LT-LEDS elaboration process. By collecting stakeholder insights and enabling a participatory technical analysis, the LT-LEDS scenarios that were developed reflected stakeholder concerns effectively. Although Peru is yet to submit its LT-LEDS to the UNFCCC, the results from this process contributes in establishing long-term carbon neutral objectives informed by robust data and participative analysis.
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